Solid-like complex fluids undergo strain hardening when subjected to shearing at low shear rates and below their critical strain. The solid-like behavior of fluids is caused by the stretching of the ...

Rheology is the study of the flow and deformation of materials under applied forces, covering both liquids and solids. It examines how materials respond to stress, strain or flow, revealing ...

In a number of materials, the plastic stress that can be sustained depends on strain rate through a power-law relationship: higher stresses are sustained with higher strain rates and vice versa. In a ...