Everything we can see and touch, and quite a lot that we can’t as well, is made of tiny particles called atoms. Some substances, like particles of this iron, contain only one kind of atom. Iron is an ...

A chemical element is one of those squares on the periodic table that adorns many a classroom wall. Sure. But what is an element really? It is a more subtle question that you might realise. To get to ...

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The relative atomic masses of elements are proportional measures. For example, the Ar for helium is 4.0, and the A r for carbon is 12.0. This means that carbon atoms have three times the mass of ...